[cmsmasters_row data_padding_bottom=”0″ data_padding_top=”50″ data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_color=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_top_style=”default” data_width=”fullwidth” data_shortcode_id=”pr1c616o5u”][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”bbgtriueyp” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_heading shortcode_id=”l5b9xfot9″ type=”h2″ font_family=”Lato:400,400italic,700,700italic” font_weight=”default” font_style=”default” text_align=”center” margin_top=”0″ margin_bottom=”20″ animation_delay=”0″]Course Description[/cmsmasters_heading][cmsmasters_heading shortcode_id=”hd2qg4hzm8″ type=”h3″ font_family=”Lato:400,400italic,700,700italic” font_size=”15″ line_height=”25″ font_weight=”default” font_style=”default” text_align=”center” color=”#ffffff” bg_color=”#a4ce39″ margin_top=”0″ margin_bottom=”20″ animation_delay=”0″ classes=”fulltitulo”]1st Year, Term 1: 15 weeks (Fall)[/cmsmasters_heading][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_padding_bottom=”50″ data_padding_top=”0″ data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_color=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_top_style=”default” data_width=”boxed” data_shortcode_id=”g77egavhtp”][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”w4epg063qj” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_text shortcode_id=”lusxo2orl” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”sbs1″]
| Opto SBS1 | |||||
| Systemic Biomedical Sciences 1 | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
An organ-system-based approach to the study of human histology, cell biology, anatomy, and physiology, including that of the nervous system, leading to the study of abnormal development, injury, inflammation, and pathology of the organ and system. The discussion of systemic anomalies includes diagnostic characteristics and management. Emphasis will be given to those systemic conditions that have ocular manifestations. Through this course, students will have a better understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of diseases as well as interdisciplinary referral protocols. The neurology portion of this course includes the study of the human nervous system with respective neurologic conditions affecting the physical, reflexive, and sensory aspects of the human body. All neural tracts are studied with concomitant clinical context to teach students how to discern and use relevant information to manage neurological conditions. Laboratories include computer-based virtual human anatomy study and diagnostic procedures.
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| Lecture Hours | 45 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 3 hours weekly | ||||
| Laboratory: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto APP1 | |||||
| Applied Pharmacology 1 | |||||
| Credits | 3 |
The initial portion of the course covers in detail the general principles of pharmacology: explanation of the principal areas of pharmacology, the bioavailability of drugs, factors influencing drug response, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug delivery systems, and prescription writing. Subsequently, the course integrates the mode of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, side effects, contraindications, and drug interactions of the different systemic drug types with their respective clinical systemic and ocular applications and secondary or adverse effects. This course is divided according to the following topics: autonomic drugs, cardiovascular drugs, renal drugs, drugs that affect the smooth muscles, drugs that affect the central nervous system, drugs to treat blood diseases, drugs to treat inflammation, drugs that affect the endocrine system, chemotherapeutic drugs (anti-microbials, antifungals, antivirals, antiprotozoal, antihelminthic, cancer chemotherapeutics), dermatologic agents, drugs for gastrointestinal disease, disinfectants, antiseptics and sterilants, ophthalmic dyes, contact lens solutions, and important drug interactions. Clinical scenarios will be introduced to develop the student’s patient management skills related to the use of systemic and ocular pharmacologic agents.
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| Lecture Hours | 45 | ||||
| Lecture: | 3 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto APO1 | |||||
| Applied Optics 1 | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
The objectives of the Applied Optics-I are to provide students with the fundamental concepts required for understanding refraction, reflection, ophthalmic lenses, and the human eye’s optical system. This course covers geometrical optics, physical optics, and simplified eye models to describe ametropias.
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| Lecture Hours | 52.5 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 15 | ||||
| Lecture: | 1 hour weekly | ||||
| Laboratory: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto PCO1 | |||||
| Principles and Practice of Primary Care Optometry 1 | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
This course prepares first-year students for their participation in vision screenings and clerkships during the second year of optometric education by teaching the theory and practical applications of basic introductory procedures in optometric patient care. Procedures include case history, visual acuity, color vision, and stereo acuity testing; pupil evaluation, cover test, and introductory concepts of retinoscopy. In addition, students will gain awareness of the professional and ethical principles of optometric patient care. Laboratory sessions will consist of the test procedures discussed in the didactic coursework.
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| Lecture hours | 15 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 1 hour weekly | ||||
| Laboratory: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto CCO1 | |||||
| Cultural Competency in Optometry 1 | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
This course introduces the basics of multi-cultural principles and how these affect interpersonal dynamics. The diversity of cultural values and how these affect the provision of eye care are exposed through clinical scenarios. The course also trains the fundamentals of communications in both the Spanish and English languages in order to develop their bilingual abilities.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto CCL1 | |||||
| Cultural Competency Language Lab 1 | |||||
| Credits | 1 |
Spanish speaking students with minimal or moderate basic knowledge in English are taught to develop reading, writing, speaking skills through didactic and laboratory teaching. Likewise, English-speaking students with minimal or no knowledge of Spanish are taught basic conversational skills of the language.
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| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Laboratory: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
| separate sessions for Spanish and English speaking students) |
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| Opto HDA0 | |||||
| Human Development and Aging | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
A lecture course that encompasses the different stages in the human life cycle. It includes the psycho-motor, cognitive and emotional development from the newborn to aging. This course will have a comprehensive focus to aid the students to understand and manage patients that are seen in everyday clinical optometric practice.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto OAP1 | |||||
| Integrative Ocular Anatomy and Physiology 1 | |||||
| Credits | 2.5 |
This course provides comprehensive knowledge of the microscopic anatomy of the normal human eye and the physiology of its cellular components that make up tissues and determine their functions. Topics include epithelium, connective tissue, muscle, and neurons. In addition, In addition, associated microanatomical ocular anomalies that lead to disease and pathophysiologies are discussed throughout every major section of the course. Laboratory sessions provide support for the material.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 15 | ||||
| Lecture: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
| Laboratory: | 1 hour weekly | ||||
[/cmsmasters_text][cmsmasters_image shortcode_id=”oyxu1j0rf9″ align=”center” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”curso”]16485|http://anxhost.net/interop2/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/primeranio-1.png|full[/cmsmasters_image][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_padding_bottom=”0″ data_padding_top=”50″ data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_color=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_top_style=”default” data_width=”fullwidth” data_shortcode_id=”c4mn0ehqpj”][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”d8642vygaj” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_heading shortcode_id=”qqpll4lv2f” type=”h3″ font_family=”Lato:400,400italic,700,700italic” font_size=”15″ line_height=”25″ font_weight=”default” font_style=”default” text_align=”center” color=”#ffffff” bg_color=”#a4ce39″ margin_top=”0″ margin_bottom=”20″ animation_delay=”0″ classes=”fulltitulo”]1st Year, Term 2: 15 weeks (Spring)[/cmsmasters_heading][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_shortcode_id=”x4pf9yo1k8″ data_width=”boxed” data_top_style=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_color=”default” data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_padding_top=”0″ data_padding_bottom=”50″][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”it0i4c1om7″ data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_text shortcode_id=”fsk3ckb3c” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”sbs2″]
| Opto SBS2 | |||||
| Systemic Biomedical Sciences 2 | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
An organ-system-based approach to the study of human histology, cell biology, anatomy, and physiology, including that of the nervous system, leading to the study of abnormal development, injury, inflammation, and pathology of the organ and system. The discussion of systemic anomalies includes diagnostic characteristics and management. Emphasis will be given to those systemic conditions that have ocular manifestations. Through this course, students will have a better understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of diseases as well as interdisciplinary referral protocols. The neurology portion of this course includes the study of the human nervous system with respective neurologic conditions affecting the physical, reflexive, and sensory aspects of the human body. All neural tracts are studied with concomitant clinical context to teach students how to discern and use relevant information to manage neurological conditions. Laboratories include computer-based virtual human anatomy study and diagnostic procedures.
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| Lecture Hours | 45 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 3 hours weekly | ||||
| Laboratory: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto APO2 | |||||
| Applied Optics 2 | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
This course examines the optics of the human visual system and its relation to corrective vision devices. Students will obtain knowledge of refractive error and its relation to accommodation, spherical and cylindrical correction, lens powers, and magnification. Additional material covers radiation and the eye, wavefront aberrations of the eye, and optical image quality. Also magnification and field properties of optical instruments such as telescopes, microscopes, and magnifiers among others.
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| Lecture Hours | 52.5 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 15 | ||||
| Lecture: | 3.5 hours weekly | ||||
| Laboratory: | 1 hour weekly | ||||
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| Opto CCO2 | |||||
| Cultural Competency in Optometry 2 | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
This course further develops, through a series of didactic and laboratory activities the English/Spanish communication skills of students. The course discusses how ethnicity, national demographics, gender, religious belief, and language impact communication, interpersonal interactions, and the quality of patient care. At the end of the course, students will be capable of interacting efficiently and in a professional manner with teachers, health professionals, fellow students, and patients by identifying and bridging cultural differences.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto CCL2 | |||||
| Cultural Competency Language Lab 2 (Optional) | |||||
| Credits | 1 |
Spanish speaking students with minimal or moderate basic knowledge in English are taught to develop reading, writing, speaking skills through didactic and laboratory teaching. Likewise, English-speaking students with minimal or no knowledge of Spanish are taught basic conversational skills of the language.
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| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Laboratory: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
| (separate sessions for Spanish and English speaking students) | |||||
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| Opto OAP2 | |||||
| Integrative Ocular Anatomy and Physiology 2 | |||||
| Credits | 3 |
This course provides comprehensive knowledge of the microscopic anatomy of the normal human eye and the physiology of its cellular components that make up tissues and determine their functions. Topics include epithelium, connective tissue, muscle, and neurons. In addition, In addition, associated microanatomical ocular anomalies that lead to disease and pathophysiologies are discussed throughout every major section of the course. Laboratory sessions provide support for the material.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
| Laboratory: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto APP2 | |||||
| Applied Pharmacology 2 | |||||
| Credits | 3 |
The initial portion of the course covers in detail the general principles of pharmacology: explanation of the principal areas of pharmacology, bioavailability of drugs, factors influencing drug response, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug delivery systems, and prescription writing. Subsequently, the course integrates the mode of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, side effects, contraindications, and drug interactions of the different systemic drug types with their respective clinical systemic and ocular applications and secondary or adverse effects. This course is divided according to the following topics: autonomic drugs, cardiovascular drugs, renal drugs, drugs that affect the smooth muscles, drugs that affect the central nervous system, drugs to treat blood diseases, drugs to treat inflammation, drugs that affect the endocrine system, chemotherapeutic drugs (anti-microbials, antifungals, antivirals, antiprotozoal, antihelminthic, cancer chemotherapeutics), dermatologic agents, drugs for gastrointestinal disease, disinfectants, antiseptics and sterilants, ophthalmic dyes, contact lens solutions, and important drug interactions. Clinical scenarios will be introduced to develop the student’s patient management skills related to the use of systemic and ocular pharmacologic agents.
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| Lecture Hours | 45 | ||||
| Lecture: | 3 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto OCD1 | |||||
| Integrative Optometric Case Discussions 1 | |||||
| Credits | 1 |
The development of metacognitive skills for the interpretation of clinical data and problem solving is essential for the evolution of the student into a clinician. These seminars are designed to better integrate all the knowledge acquired in courses presented in previous semesters in a clinical framework. As the seminars keep progressing, so will their complexity, and more clinical examples will be used in order to better prepare the students for their final assessments of entry-level skills. The management options will be discussed within an evidence-based optometry framework.
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| Lecture Hours | 45 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours: | 30 | ||||
| 2 hours weekly Weekly practice sessions | |||||
[/cmsmasters_text][cmsmasters_image shortcode_id=”7o52m8apsk” align=”center” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”curso”]16483|http://anxhost.net/interop2/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/primeraniodos.png|full[/cmsmasters_image][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_padding_bottom=”0″ data_padding_top=”50″ data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_color=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_top_style=”default” data_width=”fullwidth” data_shortcode_id=”2xxwt4qpyn”][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”zjeu2xb1t” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_heading shortcode_id=”m4thkdm6k4″ type=”h3″ font_family=”Lato:400,400italic,700,700italic” font_size=”15″ line_height=”25″ font_weight=”default” font_style=”default” text_align=”center” color=”#ffffff” bg_color=”#a4ce39″ margin_top=”0″ margin_bottom=”20″ animation_delay=”0″ classes=”fulltitulo”]1st Year, Term 3: 25 days (summer)[/cmsmasters_heading][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_shortcode_id=”atoku7kozm” data_width=”boxed” data_top_style=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_color=”default” data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_padding_top=”0″ data_padding_bottom=”50″][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”50sadoh9wf” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_text shortcode_id=”inb9jsq941″ animation_delay=”0″ classes=”lfc0″]
| Opto LFC0 | |||||
| Perception of Light, Form and Color | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
Monocular sensory phenomena such as light detection, dark adaptation, scotopic and photopic vision, color vision, spatial and temporal vision. Gross electrical potentials. Clinical manifestations will be introduced as needed.
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| Lecture Hours | 45 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours 30 | 4 | ||||
| Lecture | 2 hours weekly | ||||
| Laboratory | 2 hours weekly | ||||
[/cmsmasters_text][cmsmasters_image shortcode_id=”7ffasu8eww” align=”center” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”curso”]16541|http://anxhost.net/interop2/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/primertres.png|full[/cmsmasters_image][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_padding_bottom=”0″ data_padding_top=”50″ data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_color=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_top_style=”default” data_width=”fullwidth” data_shortcode_id=”0k28wbfkjf”][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”37ph8t1l1q” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_heading shortcode_id=”aavg1hpzrz” type=”h3″ font_family=”Lato:400,400italic,700,700italic” font_size=”15″ line_height=”25″ font_weight=”default” font_style=”default” text_align=”center” color=”#ffffff” bg_color=”#39b54a” margin_top=”0″ margin_bottom=”20″ animation_delay=”0″ classes=”segundoanio”]2nd Year, Term 1: 15 weeks (Fall)[/cmsmasters_heading][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_shortcode_id=”hqw6szzmpa” data_width=”boxed” data_top_style=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_color=”default” data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_padding_top=”0″ data_padding_bottom=”50″][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”0xtfc9qbc” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_text shortcode_id=”5rp1hfufm8″ animation_delay=”0″ classes=”sbs3″]
| Opto SBS3 | |||||
| Systemic Biomedical Sciences 3 | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
An organ-system-based approach to the study of human histology, cell biology, anatomy, and physiology, including that of the nervous system, leading to the study of abnormal development, injury, inflammation, and pathology of the organ and system. The discussion of systemic anomalies includes diagnostic characteristics and management. Emphasis will be given to those systemic conditions that have ocular manifestations. Through this course, students will have a better understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of diseases as well as interdisciplinary referral protocols. The neurology portion of this course includes the study of the human nervous system with respective neurologic conditions affecting the physical, reflexive, and sensory aspects of the human body. All neural tracts are studied with concomitant clinical context to teach students how to discern and use relevant information to manage neurological conditions. Laboratories include computer-based virtual human anatomy study and diagnostic procedures.
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| Lecture Hours | 60 | ||||
| Lecture: | 4 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto APO3 | |||||
| Applied Optics 3 | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
This course presents the application of geometrical optics to the properties of ophthalmic lenses. Topics include lens shapes, base curve, lens thickness, prismatic effects of lenses, lens design, frame materials, and their nomenclature among others. Lensometry skills, eyewear design, and dispensing techniques are part of the laboratory.
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| Lecture Hours | 45 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours: | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 3 hours weekly | ||||
| Laboratory: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto PCO2 | |||||
| Principles and Practice of Primary Care Optometry 2 | |||||
| Credits | 2 | This course prepares first-year students for their participation in vision screenings and clerkships during the second year of optometric education by teaching the theory and practical applications of basic introductory procedures in optometric patient care. Procedures include pupil evaluation, cover test, extraocular muscle movement testing, keratometry, retinoscopy, and ophthalmoscopy. In addition, students continue to gain awareness of the professional and ethical principles of optometric patient care. Laboratory sessions will consist of the test procedures discussed in the didactic coursework. | |||
| Lecture Hours | 15 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours: | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 1 hour weekly | ||||
| Laboratory: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto PCO2 | |||||
| Principles and Practice of Primary Care Optometry 2 | |||||
| Credits | 2 | This course prepares first-year students for their participation in vision screenings and clerkships during the second year of optometric education by teaching the theory and practical applications of basic introductory procedures in optometric patient care. Procedures include pupil evaluation, cover test, extraocular muscle movement testing, keratometry, retinoscopy, and ophthalmoscopy. In addition, students continue to gain awareness of the professional and ethical principles of optometric patient care. Laboratory sessions will consist of the test procedures discussed in the didactic coursework. | |||
| Lecture Hours | 15 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours: | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 1 hour weekly | ||||
| Laboratory: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
[/cmsmasters_text][cmsmasters_text shortcode_id=”y1dzcu9dfm” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”pco3″]
| Opto PCO3 | |||||
| Principles and Practice of Primary Care Optometry 3 | |||||
| Credits | 5 |
A combination of lecture and clinical laboratory sessions is evenly divided into two academic terms. The didactic portion includes the theory of instrumentation, description of procedures to assess functional vision, refractive state of the eye and ocular health, and methodology for case history-taking and patient communication. The remainder of the didactic portion of the course is based on a comprehensive integration of concepts related to refractive errors and anterior and posterior ocular diseases, and to a lesser extent, concepts related to contact lenses, low vision, and vision therapy. Clinical laboratory sessions primarily consist of demonstrations, and repetitive hands-on practice on diverse human subjects to acquire proficiency in the clinical procedures that comprise a comprehensive primary-care optometric examination.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours: | 90 | ||||
| Lecture: | 2 hours weekly first term | ||||
| Laboratory: | 6 hours weekly | ||||
[/cmsmasters_text][cmsmasters_text shortcode_id=”ieyo9bfpef” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”pco3bis”]
| Opto PCO3 | |||||
| Principles and Practice of Primary Care Optometry 3 | |||||
| Credits | 5 |
A combination of lecture and clinical laboratory sessions is evenly divided into two academic terms. The didactic portion includes the theory of instrumentation, description of procedures to assess functional vision, refractive state of the eye and ocular health, and methodology for case history-taking and patient communication. The remainder of the didactic portion of the course is based on a comprehensive integration of concepts related to refractive errors and anterior and posterior ocular diseases, and to a lesser extent, concepts related to contact lenses, low vision, and vision therapy. Clinical laboratory sessions primarily consist of demonstrations, and repetitive hands-on practice on diverse human subjects to acquire proficiency in the clinical procedures that comprise a comprehensive primary-care optometric examination.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours: | 90 | ||||
| Lecture: | 2 hours weekly first term | ||||
| Laboratory: | 6 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto VSC1 | |||||
| Vision Screening and Clerkship | |||||
| Credits | 1 |
A patient care course where students will have the opportunity to practice more advanced procedures in all types of patients under the supervision of a clinical instructor. They are evaluated on history-taking, examination techniques, record keeping, attitude and professionalism, and maintenance of patient logs. In addition, a literature review paper based on a condition of a patient encountered during the semester must be submitted at the culmination of the course. Those students not participating in screenings are assigned to clinic modules at the Bayamon main clinic and satellite health center clinic sites. Besides the expected level of clinical skills, they are expected to have an understanding of patient care, acquire effective patient communication skills, and begin to attaining ocular health assessment abilities. As the course progresses, students will have more participation during patient encounters. Grading is on a Pass or Fail basis, and is based on screening evaluations and the written paper.
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| Screening Hours | 30 | ||||
| Clinic Hours: | 30 | ||||
| Vision Screenings: | 6 hours of clinical exposure every other week | ||||
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| Opto MBV0 | |||||
| Ocular Motility and Binocular Vision | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
Study of eye movements, including the structure, physiology, kinematics, neural control, and actions of extraocular and intraocular muscles. The development and characteristics of normal binocular vision. Topics in binocular vision such as retinal correspondence, fusion, fixation disparity, stereopsis, localization, and the horopter, are discussed. Included are the development and importance of visual perceptual skills and inter-modal integrative skills.
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| Lecture Hours | 45 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours: | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 3 hours weekly | ||||
| Laboratory: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
[/cmsmasters_text][cmsmasters_text shortcode_id=”iu6vr1uwqk” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”ods1″]
| Opto ODS1 | |||||
| Ocular Diseases 1 | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
A three-term course where primary basic concepts related to all types of ocular pathologies are linked to their respective primary and/or secondary clinical applications. At the conclusion of each major topic integrative discussions and/or interactive clinical case presentations are held. The conceptual portion of the course exposes pathology fundamentals related to the anterior and posterior segment of the eye as well as all neurological aspects of the eye. These pathological concepts embrace epidemiology, etiology, heredity, and functionally-related mechanisms of anatomical, physiological, and sensory-motor eye components. Clinical applications presented correlatively with basic concepts covered include diagnostic work-up, differential diagnoses, and final assessments, and primary and secondary managements such as drug prescribing, laser treatment, surgical care and its co-management, multi-disciplinary care, and treatment prognosis.
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| Lecture Hours | 60 | ||||
| Lecture: | 4 hours weekly | ||||
[/cmsmasters_text][cmsmasters_text shortcode_id=”uvwyli5h1p” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”ocd2″]
| Opto OCD2 | |||||
| Integrative Optometric Case Discussions 2 | |||||
| Credits | .5 |
The development of metacognitive skills for the interpretation of clinical data and problem solving is essential for the evolution of the student into a clinician. These seminars are designed to better integrate all the knowledge acquired in courses presented in previous semesters in a clinical framework. As the seminars do progress, so will their complexity, and more clinical examples will be used in order to better prepare the students for their final assessments of entry-level skills. The management options will be discussed within an evidence-based optometry framework.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Clinic Lecture: | 2 hours weekly | ||||
[/cmsmasters_text][cmsmasters_image shortcode_id=”k1icp95ril” align=”center” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”curso”]16495|http://anxhost.net/interop2/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/segundoanio.png|full[/cmsmasters_image][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_padding_bottom=”0″ data_padding_top=”50″ data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_color=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_top_style=”default” data_width=”fullwidth” data_shortcode_id=”itogbwvsr4″][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”sq091nxvih” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_heading shortcode_id=”h69yvk265″ type=”h3″ font_family=”Lato:400,400italic,700,700italic” font_size=”15″ line_height=”25″ font_weight=”default” font_style=”default” text_align=”center” color=”#ffffff” bg_color=”#39b54a” margin_top=”0″ margin_bottom=”20″ animation_delay=”0″ classes=”segundoanio”]2nd Year, Term 2: 15 weeks (Spring)[/cmsmasters_heading][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_shortcode_id=”o5wgteky7i” data_width=”boxed” data_top_style=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_color=”default” data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_padding_top=”0″ data_padding_bottom=”50″][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”y7s54sf49″ data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_text shortcode_id=”c4xsu7ypf” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”pco4″]
| Opto PCO4 | |||||
| Principles and Practice of Primary Care Optometry 4 | |||||
| Credits | 5 |
A combination of lecture and clinical laboratory sessions is evenly divided into two academic terms. The didactic portion includes the theory of instrumentation, description of procedures to assess functional vision, refractive state of the eye and ocular health, and methodology for case history-taking and patient communication. The remainder of the didactic portion of the course is based on a comprehensive integration of concepts related to refractive errors and anterior and posterior ocular diseases, and to a lesser extent, concepts related to contact lenses, low vision, and vision therapy. Clinical laboratory sessions primarily consist of demonstrations, and repetitive hands-on practice on diverse human subjects to acquire proficiency in the clinical procedures that comprise a comprehensive primary-care optometric examination. Upon completion of the course, students will attain competence to perform comprehensive eye exams, reach proper diagnoses, and outline management plans for the majority of patients seen during the third-year clinical program.
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| Lecture Hours | 45 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 60 | ||||
| Lecture | 3 hours weekly | ||||
| Laboratory | 4 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto CLK1 | |||||
| Clinical Clerkships | |||||
| Credits | 1 |
The purpose of this clinical program is to provide students with patient care experience proportionate to the level of clinical skills learned in inpatient care courses taken to date. Students are assigned to clinic modules at the Bayamon main clinic and satellite health center clinic sites. Besides the expected level of clinical skills, they are expected to have an understanding of patient care, acquire effective patient communication skills, and begin attaining ocular health assessment abilities. As the level of clinical development increases, clinical instructors are encouraged to demand more participation during patient encounters. Clinical performance is evaluated based on the level of skills in history-taking, examination procedures, record documentation, and attitude and professionalism documented on daily evaluations. In addition, at the culmination of the clerkship students must submit a clinical case report of a patient encountered during the course of the clerkship. Grading is on a Pass or Fail basis, and is based on daily clinic evaluations and the clinical case report submitted.
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| Clinic Hours | 60 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 60 | ||||
| Patient Care | one day of the clinic every other week | ||||
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| Opto PCL0 | |||||
| Primary Care Contact Lenses | |||||
| Credits | 3 |
Materials design, fabrication, modification, and functional analysis of contact lenses of all types, with techniques and criteria for fitting, evaluating, adapting, monitoring, and maintaining them, and for counseling concerning their use in various clinical circumstances.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture | 2 hours weekly | ||||
| Laboratory | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto ODS2 | |||||
| Ocular Diseases 2 | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
A three-term course where primary basic concepts related to all types of ocular pathologies are linked to their respective primary and/or secondary clinical applications. At the conclusion of each major topic integrative discussions and/or interactive clinical case presentations are held. The conceptual portion of the course exposes pathology fundamentals related to the anterior and posterior segment of the eye as well as all neurological aspects of the eye. These pathological concepts embrace epidemiology, etiology, heredity, and functionally-related mechanisms of anatomical, physiological, and sensory-motor eye components. Clinical applications presented correlatively with basic concepts covered include diagnostic work-up, differential diagnoses, and final assessments, and primary and secondary managements such as drug prescribing, laser treatment, surgical care and its co-management, multi-disciplinary care, and treatment prognosis.
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| Lecture Hours | 60 | ||||
| Lecture | 4 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto DVT1 | |||||
| Developmental Optometry and Vision Therapy 1 | |||||
| Credits | 3 |
A comprehensive review of normal and abnormal functional pediatric developmental features related to motor and visuomotor skills, and cognition; and how all these factors influence a child’s vision. These concepts are systematically integrated within the clinical orientation of the course to help students develop efficient critical thinking skills. Clinical applications are primarily based on the description of developmental visual findings, and treatment modalities relevant to clinical cases presented. The vision therapy portion of the course primarily embraces conceptual facts pertaining to oculomotor, accommodative, and non-strabismic binocular dysfunctions systemically intercalated into respective clinical-case applications. The laboratory component of the course provides a setting for discussion and practical experience related to diagnostic and treatment procedures.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture | 2 hours weekly | ||||
| Laboratory | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| OPTO EPH0 | |||||
| Epidemiology and Public Health | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
This course is intended to provide students with the essentials aspects of scientific analysis of literature, application of the scientific method in research, public health, and optometric principles to improve eye health and vision of the population. The course also pretends to study the epidemiology of eye diseases and the management of conditions and systems from a population perspective. The course presents biostatistics methods and epidemiologic concepts and their applications useful to analyze statistical data in research. Levels of prevention, factors that affect access to healthcare, and their impact on the vision care of populations are also discussed. Analyze the importance of healthcare systems and finances for groups.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto OCD3 | |||||
| Integrative Optometric Case Discussions 3 | |||||
| Credits | .5 |
The development of metacognitive skills for the interpretation of clinical data and problem solving is essential for the evolution of the student into a clinician. These seminars are designed to better integrate all the knowledge acquired in courses presented in previous semesters in a clinical framework. As the seminars do progress, so will their complexity, and more clinical examples will be used in order to better prepare the students for their final assessments of entry-level skills. The management options will be discussed within an evidence-based optometry framework.
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| Clinic Hours | 30 | ||||
| Clinic Lecture | 2 hours weekly clinic discussions | ||||
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| Opto CSA0 | |||||
| Comprehensive Clinic Skills Assessment | |||||
| Credits | .1 |
In order to become a primary eye care provider in the patient care program as a clinical intern, all candidates will have to satisfactorily perform a full visual assessment of a patient. The skills tested will be those that have been learned and practiced up to the end of the spring term of the second year. The skills evaluated will include but not be limited to those that are assessed for entry-level practice in the profession of optometry.
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[/cmsmasters_text][cmsmasters_image shortcode_id=”9p1bnj7e3″ align=”center” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”curso”]16537|http://anxhost.net/interop2/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/segundoaniosec-1.png|full[/cmsmasters_image][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_padding_bottom=”0″ data_padding_top=”50″ data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_color=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_top_style=”default” data_width=”fullwidth” data_shortcode_id=”7igq1n4e3″][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”8bbadywg3j” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_heading shortcode_id=”jv0ahw5jl” type=”h3″ font_family=”Lato:400,400italic,700,700italic” font_size=”15″ line_height=”25″ font_weight=”default” font_style=”default” text_align=”center” color=”#ffffff” bg_color=”#0b8166″ margin_top=”0″ margin_bottom=”20″ animation_delay=”0″ classes=”terceranio”]3rd Year, Term 1: 25 days (Summer, July)[/cmsmasters_heading][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_shortcode_id=”adkwu6d0mh” data_width=”boxed” data_top_style=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_color=”default” data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_padding_top=”0″ data_padding_bottom=”50″][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”cqcpgxc358″ data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_text shortcode_id=”wcp8spxmjn” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”ovr0″]
| Opto OVR0 | |||||
| Vision Research | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
The course embraces the development of research proposals for optometric research studies including the elements of statistical analysis. It also covers the scholarly activity involved in writing articles following standardized formats adopted in nationally recognized optometric journals. At the end of the course, students will have the necessary skills to submit a research proposal and a publishable article.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture | 30 Hours | ||||
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| Opto PC01 | |||||
| Patient Care 1 | |||||
| Credits | .66 |
This is the first primary eye care practical course on actual patients for third-year students. It primarily consists of providing supervised comprehensive eye examinations. In this stage of clinical development, emphasis is primarily given to students’ competence in clinical skills which includes patient’s history, examination techniques, and record documentation. Some emphasis is also given to the correlation of basic concepts with clinical applications to enhance their capacity in clinical reasoning. Clinical sessions are held at the Institution’s main clinic. In addition to weekly grand round sessions, students are assigned monthly to fourth-year in-house clinic rotations to start exposing them to more advanced levels of patient care. Daily evaluations are submitted to assess their level of clinical development.
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| Main Clinic | 2 days per week | ||||
[/cmsmasters_text][cmsmasters_image shortcode_id=”vy20225vi” align=”center” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”curso”]16522|http://anxhost.net/interop2/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/terceranio.jpg|full[/cmsmasters_image][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_padding_bottom=”0″ data_padding_top=”50″ data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_color=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_top_style=”default” data_width=”fullwidth” data_shortcode_id=”o4longo5ki”][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”9vkojx7c6p” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_heading shortcode_id=”dtmg631viv” type=”h3″ font_family=”Lato:400,400italic,700,700italic” font_size=”15″ line_height=”25″ font_weight=”default” font_style=”default” text_align=”center” color=”#ffffff” bg_color=”#0b8166″ margin_top=”0″ margin_bottom=”20″ animation_delay=”0″ classes=”terceranio”]3rd Year, Term 2: 15 weeks (Fall)[/cmsmasters_heading][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_shortcode_id=”g8php8w48n” data_width=”boxed” data_top_style=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_color=”default” data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_padding_top=”0″ data_padding_bottom=”50″][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”ucfj469s8b” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_text shortcode_id=”16excc056″ animation_delay=”0″ classes=”ods3″]
| Opto ODS3 | |||||
| Ocular Diseases 3 | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
A three-term course where primary basic concepts related to all types of ocular pathologies are linked to their respective primary and/or secondary clinical applications. At the conclusion of each major topic integrative discussions and/or interactive clinical case presentations are held. The conceptual portion of the course exposes pathology fundamentals related to the anterior and posterior segment of the eye as well as all neurological aspects of the eye. These pathological concepts embrace epidemiology, etiology, heredity, and functionally-related mechanisms of anatomical, physiological, and sensory-motor eye components. Clinical applications presented correlatively with basic concepts covered include diagnostic work-up, differential diagnoses, and final assessments, and primary and secondary managements such as drug prescribing, laser treatment, surgical care and its co-management, multi-disciplinary care, and treatment prognosis.
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| Lecture Hours | 60 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 4 hour weekly | ||||
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| Opto DVT2 | |||||
| Developmental Optometry and Vision Therapy 2 | |||||
| Credits | 3 |
Course discussion primarily focuses on the integration of factual data such as natural history, etiology, and signs and symptoms with an organized clinical approach for the diagnosis and management of fixation disparity anomalies, suppression and amblyopia, strabismus and anomalous visual sensory-motor adaptation, aberrant visual perception, anomalous visual-motor, and auditory-visual integration, aniseikonia, nystagmus and acquired brain injury. There is special emphasis on diagnostic techniques, clinical decision-making. Rehabilitative treatment modalities will be presented. In addition, the repercussion of these anomalies to learning achievements in the child as well as their sequela into adulthood is discussed. The laboratory component of the course provides a setting for discussion and practical experience related to diagnostic and treatment procedures.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 2 hour weekly | ||||
| Laboratory | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto PLV0 | |||||
| Primary Care Low Vision | |||||
| Credits | 3 |
A study of the etiology, epidemiology, definition, signs, and symptoms of low vision and blindness, including methods of examination, determination of prognosis, selection of appropriate therapy, treatment, and counseling, and interdisciplinary coordination.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 2 hour weekly | ||||
| Laboratory | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto GRO0 | |||||
| Geriatric Optometry | |||||
| Credits | 1.5 |
A comprehensive review of normal and abnormal structural and functional features related to motor and visuomotor skills, verbal communication, emotional processing, and cognition in the geriatric population. In addition, it describes variations and expected findings in the refractive status of geriatric patients. In addition, the relationship between systemic and acquired neurologic conditions, pharmacology, and their effects on the visual system associated with the geriatric population is covered. These concepts are systematically integrated within the clinical orientation of the course to help students develop efficient critical thinking skills to derive adequate management and treatment plans. Clinical applications are primarily based on the description of geriatric examination techniques, proper assessment, and treatment modalities relevant to clinical cases presented.
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| Lecture Hours | 22.5 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture: | 1.5 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto PDO0 | |||||
| Pediatric Optometry | |||||
| Credits | 1.5 |
A comprehensive review of normal and abnormal structural and functional pediatric developmental features related to motor and visuomotor skills, verbal communication, emotional processing, and cognition; and how all these factors influence a child’s vision. In addition, it describes variations and expected findings in the refractive status of infants and children according to age. Diagnosis, treatment, and management of common ocular diseases are to be presented. Special populations, as pertaining to the pediatric population, are included as well. These concepts are systematically integrated within the clinical orientation of the course to help students develop efficient critical thinking skills to derive adequate management and treatment plans. Clinical applications are primarily based on the description of pediatric examination techniques, proper assessment, and treatment modalities relevant to clinical cases presented.
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| Lecture Hours | 22.5 | ||||
| Lecture: | 1.5 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto EBO0 | |||||
| Clinical Reasoning and Evidence-Based Optometry | |||||
| Credits | 1 |
Interactive discussions of actual and sample clinical cases concerning all areas of optometry. It emphasizes the development of clinical thinking strategies to obtain an accurate clinical assessment. Evidence-based optometry will be an informative source for discussing management options. The course will develop the students’ abilities to manage cases based on clinical scientific evidence to ensure the best outcomes.
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| Lecture Hours | 15 | ||||
| Lecture: | 1 hour weekly | ||||
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| Opto POE0 | |||||
| The Profession of Optometry and Ethics | |||||
| Credits | 1 |
A web-based course that covers the development of optometry as a profession with its education, organizational, legislative, legal, and ethical developments in the world, United States, and Puerto Rico.
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| Lecture Hours | 15 | ||||
| Web-based course | |||||
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| Opto PC02 | |||||
| Patient Care 2 | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
This is the continuation of primary eye care practical course on actual patients for third-year students. It primarily consists of providing supervised comprehensive eye examinations. In this stage of clinical development, emphasis is primarily given to students’ competence in clinical skills that include patient history, examination techniques, and record documentation. Some emphasis is also given to the correlation of basic concepts with clinical applications to enhance their capacity in clinical reasoning. Clinical sessions are held at the Institution’s main clinic. Also, in addition to weekly grand round sessions, once a month students are assigned to fourth-year in-house clinic rotations to start exposing them to more advanced levels of patient care. Occasionally, students will provide domestic primary eye care services at geriatric home institutions, assisted living communities, and pre-scholar and scholar entities among others. Daily evaluations are submitted to assess the level of clinical development. Prerequisite: All First and Second Year courses must have been approved.
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| Clinic Hours | 180 | ||||
| Main Clinic | 1 day per week | ||||
| Grand Rounds: | half-a-day per week | ||||
| In-house rotations | 1 day per month | ||||
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| Opto PBM0 | |||||
| Publishable Manuscript Submission | |||||
| Credits | .5 |
In order to promote life-long learning and scholarly activities, must submit a publishable quality paper before February of the second term of the fourth year. This publishable paper must follow the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors guidelines and structure. The publishable quality paper must be an original experimental article, extensive literature reviews, or case reports.
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| Recurrent until completion of the requirement. | |||||
[/cmsmasters_text][cmsmasters_image shortcode_id=”ec1jgqz82″ align=”center” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”curso”]16544|http://anxhost.net/interop2/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/tresterm2.png|full[/cmsmasters_image][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_padding_bottom=”0″ data_padding_top=”50″ data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_color=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_top_style=”default” data_width=”fullwidth” data_shortcode_id=”9zbmdwu57t”][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”h1wk35snte” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_heading shortcode_id=”0qyd6m3t6s” type=”h3″ font_family=”Lato:400,400italic,700,700italic” font_size=”15″ line_height=”25″ font_weight=”default” font_style=”default” text_align=”center” color=”#ffffff” bg_color=”#0b8166″ margin_top=”0″ margin_bottom=”20″ animation_delay=”0″ classes=”terceranio”]3rd Year, Term 3: 15 weeks (Spring)[/cmsmasters_heading][/cmsmasters_column][/cmsmasters_row][cmsmasters_row data_shortcode_id=”9wexhh51c9″ data_width=”boxed” data_top_style=”default” data_bot_style=”default” data_color=”default” data_bg_color=”#f2f2f2″ data_padding_top=”0″ data_padding_bottom=”50″][cmsmasters_column data_width=”1/1″ data_shortcode_id=”a54c9xdzfg” data_animation_delay=”0″ data_border_style=”default” data_bg_size=”cover” data_bg_attachment=”scroll” data_bg_repeat=”no-repeat” data_bg_position=”top center”][cmsmasters_text shortcode_id=”47p13sz7rh” animation_delay=”0″ classes=”rvs0″]
| Opto RVS0 | |||||
| Review Seminar | |||||
| Credits | 1 |
The purpose of this course is to enhance the preparation of our students for the first part of the entry-level knowledge tests – National Boards Applied Basic Science. The course will comprise course material that has been covered during the previous years of optometric education in a concise manner to refresh important concepts relevant to the clinical application of basic science concepts.
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| Lecture Hours | 15 | ||||
| Lectures | 3 hours weekly for 2 weeks. Sessions are scheduled prior to National Boards examinations. | ||||
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| Opto VS01 | |||||
| Vision Screenings | |||||
| Credits | .5 | A patient care course where students, under the supervision of a clinical instructor, will practice on patients preliminary testing procedures learned in the Principles and Practice of Primary Care Optometry 1 course and those concurrently learned in Principles and Practice of Primary Care Optometry 2. A clinical presentation summarizing a patient experience of interest encountered during the semester must be submitted at the culmination of the course. Clinical performance is evaluated based on the level of skills in history-taking, examination procedures, record documentation, and attitude and professionalism documented on daily evaluations. Grading is on a Pass or Fail basis and is based on the clinical evaluations and the presentation. | |||
| Screening Hours | 30 | ||||
| Vision screenings | 5 to 6 hours of clinical exposure every other week | ||||
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| Opto PMT0 | |||||
| Practice Management | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
Economic and sociological aspects of optometry and vision care needs and services, with specific attention to the analysis of community demands, doctor-patient and interprofessional relationships, and practice modes, management, and billing.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto PC03 | |||||
| Patient Care 3 | |||||
| Credits | 4 |
Besides assuring students’ competence in clinical skills, at this level of clinical development special emphasis is given to students’ ability to correlate basic concepts with respective clinical applications to enhance their capacity in clinical reasoning. Sessions are held at the Institution’s main clinic. Also, in addition to weekly grand round sessions, once a month students are assigned to fourth-year in-house clinic rotations to start exposing them to more advanced levels of patient care. Domestic assignments continue for third-year students during their spring term; to provide students with the expertise on the provision of domestic primary eye care services. Daily evaluations are submitted to assess the level of clinical development.
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| Clinic Hours | 180 | ||||
| In-house rotations | 1 day per month | ||||
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Elective Courses
The purpose of these courses is for the optometric student to further enhance their knowledge in specific areas within optometry in order to encourage the students to apply for optometric residency programs. All these electives are to be offered in the spring term of the third year and all will be evaluated on a pass/no pass basis. The optometric third year student must enroll in five elective courses.
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| Opto AVT0 | |||||
| Advanced Vision Therapy | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
This elective covers in more depth the treatment and management of complicated cases of binocular vision anomalies and visual-perceptual therapy. The course will include lectures, case presentations, and laboratory sessions to demonstrate and practice advanced therapeutic procedures.
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| Lecture Hours | 15 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture | 1 hour weekly | ||||
| Laboratory | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto ALV0 | |||||
| Advanced Low Vision | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
This elective course covers in-depth the assessment and management of complicated cases that require low vision rehabilitation. It will include eccentric viewing training techniques, advanced field enhancement equipment and training, advanced magnification equipment, and other techniques and equipment to manage complicated cases. The course will include lectures, case presentations, and laboratory sessions.
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| Lecture Hours | 15 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture | 1 hour weekly | ||||
| Laboratory | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto NOR0 | |||||
| Neuro-Optometric Rehabilitation | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
This elective course covers in-depth the assessment and management of complicated cases that require neuro-optometric rehabilitation. This course will include assessment techniques for the different clinical manifestations of those patients with acquired brain injury, rehabilitation techniques, and conventional and non-conventional optical devices.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto AOD0 | |||||
| Advanced Ocular Diseases | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
This elective course will cover in-depth those cases of ocular diseases that are uncommon, yet of clinical importance and relevance. The course will include signs and symptoms of the conditions, differential diagnosis, diagnosis, use of advanced diagnostic equipment, and treatment and management. Case discussions may be used to better illustrate the conditions.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto AEP0 | |||||
| Advanced Electrophysiology | |||||
| Credits | 3 |
This elective course will cover in-depth the use of electrophysiologic testing, their importance, and clinical relevance to specific cases. The course will include case discussions.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture | 1 hour weekly | ||||
| Laboratory | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto SSV0 | |||||
| Sports Vision | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
This elective course covers the skills required for different sports, the evaluation techniques, treatment, and management of binocular, sensory-integrative anomalies that may interfere with sports performance. The course will also include the use of optical compensation to enhance vision in athletes and vision therapy procedures to enhance athletic performance.
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| Lecture Hours | 15 | ||||
| Lab / Demo Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture | 1 hour weekly | ||||
| Laboratory | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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| Opto ACL0 | |||||
| Advanced Contact Lenses | |||||
| Credits | 2 |
The fitting of specialty contact lenses using advanced procedures for the correction of astigmatism, irregular corneas, presbyopia, and aphakia. Orthokeratology and the correction of ocular trauma with cosmetic lenses are also included.
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| Lecture Hours | 30 | ||||
| Lecture | 2 hours weekly | ||||
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The fourth-year program is strictly devoted to patient care. Primary eye care clinical training is primarily aimed towards developing students’ capacity in critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills. In addition, students are trained in specialty eye care services such as pediatrics and vision training, specialty contact lenses, low vision rehabilitation, electrophysiological studies, and ocular prosthesis; all of which are offered at the Institution’s main clinic.
- The selection of clinic rotations is required to add up to 25 credits for the academic year. A total of 12.5 in one term and a total of 12.5 credits in the other term.
- The Bayamon Clinic is a mandatory rotation for all fourth-year interns. Of the remaining five (5) satellite clinics, rotation in four (4) of these clinics is mandatory.
- Each semester is composed of 20 weeks for a total of 40 weeks of clinical work for the academic year.
- Evaluation is based on Pass/No Pass.
Patient Care 4 and 5 – 25 credits Total
Clinic sites are coded as follows:
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| Opto PC40 | |||||
| Primary Eye Care Services and Specialty Clinics | |||||
| Credits | 2.5 | The Bayamon main clinic of the Inter-American Eye Institute is composed of specialty clinic rotations: Specialty Contact Lenses, Binocular Vision / Vision Therapy, Pediatrics, and Infants’ Vision, Learning Disabilities / Visual-Perceptual Evaluation, Low Vision, Electrodiagnosis, and Primary Eye Care. | |||
| Clinic Hours | 160 | ||||
| Duration | 4 weeks | ||||
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| Opto PC41 | |||||
| COSSMA Las Piedras Clinic | |||||
| Credits | 2.5 | The COSSMA Las Piedras Satellite Clinic of the Inter American Eye Institute is found within the COSSMA Building where integrative primary care services are provided to patients of all ages. Ocular diseases diagnosis management and treatment are emphasized. | |||
| Clinic Hours | 160 | ||||
| Duration | 4 weeks | ||||
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| Opto PC42 | |||||
| Caguas Clinic | |||||
| Credits | 2.5 |
The Caguas Satellite Clinic of the Inter-American Eye Institute is found within the Plaza SANOS Health Care Center where integrative primary care services are provided to patients of all ages. Ocular diseases diagnosis management and treatment are emphasized. Additional services provided in the Caguas Clinic are Vision Therapy / Binocular Vision and Pediatrics / Infants’ Vision.
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| Clinic Hours | 160 | ||||
| Duration | 4 weeks | ||||
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| Opto PC43 | |||||
| Santurce Clinic | |||||
| Credits | 2.5 | The Santurce Satellite Clinic of the Inter-American Eye Institute is found within the Dr. Gualberto Rabell hospital where integrative primary care services are provided to patients of all ages. Ocular diseases diagnosis management and treatment are emphasized. | |||
| Clinic Hours | 160 | ||||
| Duration | 4 weeks | ||||
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| Opto PC44 | |||||
| COSSMA Cidra Clinic | |||||
| Credits | 2.5 |
The COSSMA Cidra Satellite Clinic of the Inter-American Eye Institute is found within the COSSMA Building where integrative primary care services are provided to patients of all ages. Ocular diseases diagnosis management and treatment are emphasized.
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| Clinic Hours | 160 | ||||
| Duration | 4 weeks | ||||
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| Opto PC45 | |||||
| Juana Diaz Clinic | |||||
| Credits | 2.5 |
The Juana Diaz Satellite Clinic of the Inter-American Eye Institute is found within the Centro San Cristobal Health Center where integrative primary care services are provided to patients of all ages. Ocular diseases diagnosis management and treatment are emphasized.
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| Clinic Hours | 160 | ||||
| Duration | 4 weeks | ||||
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Local Externships Sites
| Opto LE01 | |||||
| Externship site 1 | |||||
| Credits | 2.5 |
Externship selection of four (4) weeks within Puerto Rico. Selection may be private optometry, ophthalmology, or joint practices that offer primary care or specialty practices, as well as hospitals, health care centers, or additional rotations within the Inter American Eye Institute.
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| Clinic Hours | 160 | ||||
| Duration | 4 weeks | ||||
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| Opto LE02 | |||||
| Externship site 2 | |||||
| Credits | 2.5 |
Externship selection of four (4) weeks within Puerto Rico. Selection may be private optometry, ophthalmology, or joint practices that offer primary care or specialty practices, as well as hospitals, health care centers, or additional rotations within the Inter American Eye Institute.
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| Clinic Hours | 160 | ||||
| Duration | 4 weeks | ||||
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| Opto LE03 | |||||
| Externship site 3 | |||||
| Credits | 5 |
Externship selection of eight (8) weeks within Puerto Rico. Selection may be private optometry, ophthalmology, or joint practices that offer primary care or specialty practices, as well as hospitals, health care centers, or additional rotations within the Inter American Eye Institute.
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| Clinic Hours | 320 | ||||
| Duration | 8 weeks | ||||
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| Opto LE04 | |||||
| Externship site 4 | |||||
| Credits | 5 |
Externship selection of eight (8) weeks within Puerto Rico. Selection may be private optometry, ophthalmology, or joint practices that offer primary care or specialty practices, as well as hospitals, health care centers, or additional rotations within the Inter American Eye Institute.
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| Clinic Hours | 320 | ||||
| Duration | 8 weeks | ||||
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| Opto EA01 | |||||
| Externship site 1 | |||||
| Credits | 2.5 |
Externship selection of four (4) weeks outside of Puerto Rico: the United States or international sites. Selection may be private optometry, ophthalmology, or joint practices, that offer primary care or specialty practices, as well as hospitals or health care centers.
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| Clinic Hours | 160 | ||||
| Duration | 4 weeks | ||||
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| Opto EA02 | |||||
| Externship site 2 | |||||
| Credits | 2.5 |
Externship selection of four (4) weeks outside of Puerto Rico: the United States or international sites. Selection may be private optometry, ophthalmology, or joint practices, that offer primary care or specialty practices, as well as hospitals or health care centers.
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| Clinic Hours | 160 | ||||
| Duration | 4 weeks | ||||
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| Opto EA03 | |||||
| Externship site 3 | |||||
| Credits | 5 |
Externship selection of eight (8) weeks outside of Puerto Rico: the United States or international sites. Selection may be private optometry, ophthalmology, or joint practices, that offer primary care or specialty practices, as well as hospitals or health care centers.
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| Clinic Hours | 320 | ||||
| Duration | 8 weeks | ||||
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| Opto EA04 | |||||
| Externship site 4 | |||||
| Credits | 5 |
Externship selection of eight (8) weeks outside of Puerto Rico: the United States or international sites. Selection may be private optometry, ophthalmology, or joint practices, that offer primary care or specialty practices, as well as hospitals or health care centers.
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| Clinic Hours | 320 | ||||
| Duration | 8 weeks | ||||
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GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS
To receive the degree of Doctor of Optometry (OD), the candidate must:
- Pass all courses comprising the curriculum for the degree of Doctor of Optometry, as specified in the Catalog for the year in which the student enters the school, with an overall grade point average of 2.00 or better.
- Pass NBEO – ABS part before graduation date or no later than 90 days after.
- Transfer Students must complete at least two years of studies at the Inter-American University of Puerto Rico, School of Optometry.
- Receive all passing grades in the fourth year, completed an externship and in-house rotations before the graduation date.
- Receive the recommendation of the faculty of the School after the motion to that effect is passed by the faculty.
- Signed clearance and graduation documents. (If awarded financial aid in any academic period, an exit interview is required by the Financial Aid Office. You will find all information at www.optonet.inter.edu, linking Financial Aid Process).
- Submission of all available National Board Scores to the School Registrar.
- Pay graduation fee. All students are required to pay the graduation fee, even if the student does not attend the graduation ceremony.
GRADUATION WITH HONORS
The distinctions of honor student will be based on the cumulative general point average criteria as following:
- 3.25 to 3.49 – Cum Laude (with honors)
- 3.50 to 3.74 – Magna Cum Laude (with high honors)
- 3.75 to 4.00 – Summa Cum Laude (with the highest honors)These distinctions are awarded only to students who have completed satisfactorily at least 50 percent of the academic credits required for the degree at Inter-American University of Puerto Rico, School of Optometry. The award of this distinction will not apply to transfer students with less than fifthly percent of the credits of the academic program. IAUPR School of Optometry catalog, vol. XIX Academic Information.
OFFICE OF CONTINUING EDUCATION/ALUMNI
The Office of Continuing Education offers monthly educational and clinical courses and workshops for optometrists and other health professionals wishing to expand their knowledge and skills. It also publishes a newsletter called PRISMA. The newsletter is distributed free of charge to all optometrists and interested professionals. It includes information about continuing education courses, alumni association activities, information on the School’s events, and articles of interest related to the profession. The Director of Continuing Education is also a liaison between the faculty and administration of the School and the Alumni Association.
RESIDENCY PROGRAM
There is currently one residency program at the School in Primary Eyecare. The Primary Eyecare Residency emphasizes advanced post-doctorate training to develop proficiency in primary eye care optometry, gain experience within multi-disciplinary clinical settings, and obtain training in pre-and-post ophthalmic operative care. This program will also provide the resident with experience in teaching and research. The Primary Eyecare Residency is sponsored by the Inter-American University of Puerto Rico, School of Optometry.
INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT SERVICE
The main objective of this office is the search and acquisition of external funding to support the School’s services. The office is in charge of identifying external funding sources, developing an annual plan of activities, and coordinating fund-raising events. This office also supports the Alumni Association’s fund-raising activities.
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